They ruled over several small territories in the Tamil land. Some of the important rulers of Chola dynasty are. The Chola dynasty was one of the longest ruling dynasties in the southern India. The Chera dynasty (or Cra) was one of the principal lineages in the early history of the present day states of Kerala and Tamil Nadu in southern India. Weak rulers succeeded him. Some Interesting Books on Chola Dynasty and Other South India Dynasties The Chola centres of religion and learning were mostly centred around Thanjavur, Gangaikondacholapuram, and Darasuram. The result of which was political disintegration. By second century of the Christian era, a Chola king named Karikalan rose to fame as a powerful ruler. A highly developed committee system for the village assembly was constituted for local self government of the villagers. In the days of the Kalabhras too, the Cholas were held in esteem by their traditionally loyal subjects. Endnote:- Legacy of southern dynasties like Cholas, Pandians, Cheras has always been overshadowed by the Mughals and Tughlaqs, Under Rajaraja Chola I (r. 985 1014 AD) and his successor, Rajendra Chola (r. 1014 1044 AD), the Chola Dynasty reached its pinnacle. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. He invaded Sri Lanka and captured 1200 men. The Chola rulers were patrons of learning and established vedic educational institutions. A good number of court poets composed their works in Tamil and other languages. With the help of a powerful navy the Chola rulers conquered Sri Lanka, Maldives, Sumatra and destroyed the fleet of the Cheras. There were different ranks with qualifications and capability. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. At the same time, a policy of religious toleration was followed by the Chola kings. 848891 AD. The dynasty passed through two periods of imperial dominance, the 6th to 10th centuries CE, and under the 'Later Pandyas' (13th to 14th centuries CE). Not only did the Cholas outlast Ashoka's Mauryan Empire, they continued to rule until 1279 CEmore than 1,500 years. The Chola dynasty was one of the longest-ruling powers in world history which were the Tamil dynasty in southern India. Those three modes of enjoyment of privileges were known as somudayam (common property), palabhogam (permanent property) and ekabhogam (sole enjoyment property). Under these two rulers, the Cholas conquered Sri Lanka, expanded their territory to the north as far as the Ganges River, and even brought maritime Southeast India under their Download SSC CGL Questions on Chola Dynasty with answers PDF based on previous papers very useful for SSC CGL exams. The Chola dynasty had a professional military, of which the king was the supreme commander. The Eastern Chalukyas and the Cholas had inter-married through the generations and thus a new clan was born. Parameshwaravarman II and Nandivarman II were the successors; Pallava rule lasted till 9th century A.D. Aparajita (899 903 AD) was the last Pallava ruler was defeated by Aditya I of Chola dynasty. The successor of Rajendra Deva I was Rajadhiraja. The Chola rulers, like the other Tamil groups, were mostly practitioners of Hinduism. He also invaded Sri Lanka as also the two Islands of Laxyadives and Maldives. They were hereditary monarchs. According to the ancient Tamil text Silappadikaram, the Tamil kings defended their forts with catapults that threw stones, huge cauldrons of The scholars of Chola period worked for excellence in every sphere of literature and culture. The Chola state was like a modern welfare state. With a powerful navy the Cholas made their influence felt in the countries of south-east. The Cholas and the later Chalukyas clashed for the overlordship of Vengi, the Tungabhadra doab and the Ganga country. Nobody knows exactly when the first Chola kings took power in the southern point of India, but certainly, the Chola Dynasty was established by the third century BCE, because they are mentioned in one of Ashoka the Great's stelae. After a succession of many good rulers, the last two great Chola rulers were Rajadhiraja (1166-1180 CE), and Kulottunga III (1178-1218 CE). The Chola rulers started the practice of electing their successor or Yuvaraja and associating him in administration during their life-time. 16] Chola Dynasty Chola Dynasty Notes After Sangam, the Chola became feaudatories of Uraiyur. This work speaks of the Kalinga war of Kulottunga. Contribution (s) Vijayalaya Chola. Even with constant threat from Chola ruler Mahipala conquered back parts of Bihar, Varanasi and the surrounding areas. The Chola society rested on the principles of Hinduism. He was a great builder, an able administrator and a conqueror. The Chola Empire occupied present Tanjore and Trichirappalli districts with some adjoining areas. There was a Council of Ministers to help the king in the state affairs. TOS4. Probably the main people of Bengal chose Gopal as the ruler of the entire state.The Pala Empire was the major dynasty Rajendra Cholas daughter was married to the Chalukya Prince, Vimaladitya. Later Rulers. A large number of magnificent temples were constructed by the Chola rulers. They were engaged in trade and commerce with Myanmar, Ceylan and the Islands of Indian Ocean. The Chola dynasty was one of the longest ruling dynasties in the southern India. The Chola army was well organised and extremely disciplined. The Chola empire was extensive and prosperous and the rulers enjoyed high powers and prestige. Uruvapperhare-iulanjeltani 1st Ruler achievements victory over rulers under the Chera and Pandyan kings at Venni, near Tanjore conquered Sri Lanka construction of Kaveri canal was a master of seven musical nodes. The Rulers. Rajaraja Chola. The sources of information of the Cholas are derived from inscriptions, monuments, and literature. One of the famous Chola dynasty temples, it was built during the reign of Chola king Raja Raja and designed by the famous architect Sama Varma between 1003 and 1010 AD.The Brihadisvara Temple houses the tallest vimanam in the world, a 3.7-meter tall linga of Lord Shiva. Rajendra Chola constructed a beautiful temple in his capital city of Gangai Konda Cholapuram. He was a patron of art and architecture. Take a free SSC CGL mock test. Thanjavur Marathas of the Bhonsle dynasty were the rulers of Thanjavur principality of Tamil Nadu between the 17th to the 19th century C.E. The inscriptions and literature contain chronological history of Cholas with gaps and breaks. The naval expedition of Rajendra Deva I against the Sailendra empire extended the Chola power up to Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Java and other Islands. The dancing figure of Siva, called Nataraja, is considered as a master piece of Chola sculpture. They ruled beyond the sea like Maldives Islands and Sri Lanka which shows that they had very efficient as well as huge naval power. His kingdom included almost the whole of South India, the Maldives and a part of Sri Lanka. The Subramaniya temple at Tanjore, the Airavateswaram temple at Darasuram and Tribhubaneswara temples belong to the Chola period. Nayapala who was the son of Mahipala defeated Kalchuri son Starting with Vijayalaya, the Chola dynasty ushered in a grand revival of religion and literature in the southern part of India that continued unabated until the 10th c. CE.
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